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GARMENT INDUSTRY HISTORY OF THE WORLD
Hello everyone!
Welcome back to Viet Hong Textile's chanel.
And the topic today which I want to share with everyone is the GARMENT INDUSTRY HISTORY OF THE WORLD
1/Before the 19th century: The Silk Road was the first place to trade textile products.
As everyone knows, since primitive times, we humans have covered our bodies with animal skins
Later, thanks to God's enlightenment, humans know how to use naturally available materials to make clothes.
According to archaeologists, flax was the first textile material and it appeared popular in Egypt and Central America.
Then came the appearance of some fibers such as:
Wool yarn in Mesopotamia, Middle East and Central Asia. Where the ethnic groups mainly live by livestock
Cotton yarn in the riverside Indus - India
Banana (abaca) and sisal (sisal) fibers in the Inca, Maya, Tolteca peoples, etc. Americas
Silk in China
China is the first country to find a way to grow mulberry to raise silkworms, take silk cocoons, and weave silk the earliest in the world, appearing at least 5,300 years ago.
At that time, silk was only for kings and nobles, so it was very rare
Later silk was brought to areas from Fuzhou, Hangzhou, Beijing, Chang'an (China) through Mongolia, India, Afghanistan, Kazakhstan, Iran, Iraq, Turkey, Greece, around Mediterranean region and as far as Europe. So the Silk Road was gradually formed from there
The Silk Route, also known to this day, was not only a place for merchants, but also paved the way for cultural, artistic, religious exchanges, and even expeditions - mutiny.
2/19th century – Early 20th century: Scientific and technological progress is the premise for massification of garment products
2.1. The introduction of chemical fibers in the textile industry
Although the techniques of weaving quickly reached a sophisticated level, sometimes even becoming an art, but for 5,000 years, people still used only natural materials, taken from plants such as cotton and yarn. jute, hemp, flax, or animal like leather, wool, silk, etc.
As production is still limited, cloth remains a precious product.
The brocade clothes are usually for the aristocracy, the upper class, while the majority of the people only wear coarse cloth, hanging around with a few simple styles and colors.
It was not until the middle of the 18th century, with the industrial revolution in England and the advent of mechanized, steam-powered looms, that the textile industry really moved out of manual production to become an engineering
However, humans are still dependent on nature and many scientists in Europe are still looking for ways to make a cheap, mass-produced man-made fiber.
Until 1884 that a Frenchman, Count Hilaire Bernigaud de Chardonnet, figured out how to make rayon
In 1889, Mr. Chardonnet exhibited at the Paris World's Fair a man-made spinning machine and the first man-made silks
The following year, he inaugurated a man-made fiber factory, which began production in 1892. But at that time the methods were incomplete and the cost was still high, so it was not until the beginning of the 20th century that the production of clothes started. This was done on a large scale and succeeded by the discovery of Nylon (1930) and Polyester (1940).
2.2. The introduction of sewing machines in the field of garment production
Sewing machines are the first technological innovation in garment manufacturing.Năm 1846 Elias Howe đã phát minh chiếc máy may đầu tiên
The birth of the sewing machine changed the textile industry at that time. Clothing manufacturing, in particular, can already be done on a factory line with each stage being performed by different workers without the need for a skilled craftsman to go through the entire process.
In addition, sewing machines also cut costs, time and improve product quality.
Following the success of sewing machines are automatic cutting machines, stamping machines and other machines that are commonly used in the garment manufacturing industry today.
3/20th century: The textile industry becomes a large-scale manufacturing industry
The production stage is constantly moving to a place with low production costs
The global textile industry moved the production stage (CMT - Cutting, Sewing, finishing) for the first time in the 1950s and early 1960s from North America, Western Europe to Japan.
The second shift was from Japan to three manufacturing plants in Asia (Hong Kong, Taiwan and Korea) in the period 1970 to 1980.
to less developed Asian countries and the Americas.
Countries such as Taiwan, Korea, and Hong Kong are gradually competing for cheap labor costs from other Asian and American countries. So this is the 3rd teleport.
After the history of formation and development, the global textile and garment industry has had significant changes, from costumes being sewn according to individual measurements at an expensive cost to producing for mass demand with high cost. low cost. From designs, models, materials, colors to time of use and development of new products are also constantly being changed, requiring countries to always update and affirm their brands and positions in the price chain. global textile industry.
And today's topic also ends here.
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